Tallitha Reese

A Helping Paw at Postville Schools

When words fail, what can take their place? For the Postville Community School District, the answer is therapy dogs. 

Mental health concerns, such as anxiety and depression, continue to rise world-wide, especially among younger generations. This means that schools are dealing with far more issues and concerns than ever before.

In Postville, Iowa, these issues have been stacked on top of the negative ripples caused by the Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) raid of 2008. Considered one of the largest ICE workplace raids in history, the fallout continues to affect all generations.

Teachers often struggle to provide a solid education when the kids have so many needs, beyond academics, that aren’t taken into consideration by the traditional school system.

This is where Postville’s two new therapy dogs, Milo and Marshall, have stepped in. They offer a sense of safety and comfort that staff alone could not. 

“There’s so much research to prove that animals are very helpful with kids regulating their emotions,”says Manon Bushman, Marshall’s owner and handler. “And I don’t think it’s any secret that our kiddos are struggling,” 

“Therapy dogs are linked with several social-emotional benefits, including the calming effect,” Lindsay Salinas, Milo’s owner, adds. With the help of a therapy dogs’ presence, children can work through feelings on their own terms. Once calm, they are more likely to find a trusted adult to seek the help they need.

From Idea to Reality

Marshall (one of Postville’s school therapy dogs) and Manon. / Photo courtesy Manon Bushman

Marshall, a 100-pound “gentle giant” golden retriever, and his owner, Manon, then Postville’s elementary guidance counselor, were the driving force behind the initial creation of Postville’s therapy dog program in the fall of 2021.

Milo, a standard poodle, mostly black with a few white spots, was added to the program in March of 2023. He works with Lindsay in the school library.

Manon had observed the benefits of therapy dogs first-hand in her former role as the Success Coordinator in the South Winneshiek School District

Together with the South Winn guidance counselors, Manon connected with Dr. Merrill of Critters and Such Pet Care in Decorah, Iowa, who had two certified therapy dogs of her own. They set up a volunteer therapy dog program one day per week that had great success. 

“Sometimes we overlook the simple things that are necessary,” says Manon. “The dogs help create a warm, safe environment that is so beneficial when kids are struggling with big feelings and emotions.”

When Manon started as a guidance counselor at Postville in 2016, she thought therapy dogs would be a good fit there as well.

“I think the whole structure of how our education system is right now needs a revamping. . .  a lot of schools don’t necessarily create safe spaces for kids who have mental health issues or struggles,” she says. “Postville prioritizes social-emotional learning, and we just can’t have enough of that – kids learning to express their emotions in a way that they don’t feel judged.”

Luckily, therapy dogs were already written into school board policy. With superintendent approval, they were good to move on to the next step.

First up: Introducing the idea to parents and the larger school community. The goal was to answer as many questions and be as proactive as possible, in order to generate interest in the program and answer any potential concerns. 

Much to Manon’s surprise, the resistance was minimal. Plus, students were given the option to opt out if desired. Manon and the other staff wanted to make it clear that interaction with the dogs wouldn’t be forced on anyone; it would just be another available resource.

Next, Manon needed a certified therapy dog.

She heard Dr. Merrill was thinking about breeding her female therapy dog. Manon immediately “claimed” one, and Marshall joined Manon, her husband, and their three dogs in early summer 2019. 

Marshall is just as much a farm dog as a therapy dog. He is very active, always wanting to play fetch with his favorite squeaky ball and expecting to be taken on exactly three walks per day. He also likes to be spoiled – one of his favorite pastimes is going for Jeep rides to get pup cups at the Culver’s or Dairy Queen drive-through.

At 10 weeks old, Marshall began his training process at the Good Dog Center in Decorah, Iowa, with basic obedience training, just like any other dog. 

After that, the training to become a certified therapy animal becomes more specialized. The dogs must complete the rigorous American Kennel Club’s Canine Good Citizen training program and pass the subsequent test, successfully performing skills such as sitting politely for petting, walking through a crowd, and properly reacting to distractions. Before becoming fully certified, therapy dogs need to be at least one year old. 

After certification, the dogs and their handlers undergo a yearly review process in order to keep their official license.

Expanding the Program

Lindsay and Milo (one of Postville’s school therapy dogs). / Photo courtesy Lindsay Salinas

Lindsay Salinas began working at the Postville School District in 2010, first as a title-1 teacher, then the K-12 Tech Integrationist – something she still helps with – and in 2022, Lindsay took on her new role as Teacher Librarian in the school library. 

Although the library serves the entire K-12 school, it is located in the elementary building. This can cause some disinterest from middle and high school students, since it isn’t convenient or part of their daily routine.

“I would think, what can we do to make more kids want to be in the library?” says Lindsay. “It is the heart of the school, and we really wanted to make it more inviting.”

Lindsay saw how successful Marshall and Manon’s first year of the program was, and was inspired by the positive response from students.

She reached out to Ann of Wild Paw Doodles in Postville in the Spring of 2022, and started learning what it would take to get a therapy dog of her own. She chose a poodle, since they are more hypoallergenic, and when Milo’s litter was born, they picked him over all their other puppies, saying he had the perfect temperament for the job. Milo came to live with his new family – Lindsay, her husband, two kids, and their four other dogs – at 10 weeks old. 

Milo loves going for walks, checking out new friends, and soliciting pats from as many people as he can. One of his special traits is being able to intuitively tell exactly when someone needs them. While he comforts you, he also likes to make his own demands, pawing you until you’ll agree to hold his paw while he rests his head in your lap.

After completing his training at the Good Dog Center, just like Marshall, Milo received his therapy dog certificate and began working in the library.

There was some uncertainty around how the kids would react to a new dog, especially since he’d be available to the entire student body, but the option to opt out is always available.

“There have actually been several students who, at first, chose to opt-out of the program and not interact with the dogs, that have later been won over,” says Lindsay. “Kids who maybe had a traumatic experience or feel nervous around dogs will talk to him from a distance and enjoy his presence, even if they don’t want him to get too close.”

Over the past year, Lindsay has implemented many activities to make the library more attractive: a lego wall, a puzzle table, periodic school-wide events and contests. So far, Milo has been the biggest draw.

Milo loves to have his paw held by students. He’s a favorite helper at the Postville School Library. / Photo courtesy Lindsay Salinas

Now, kids get excited to come see Milo, and subsequently get exposed to the other benefits of the library. One big side effect that Lindsay has noticed is how Milo provides common ground for kids to connect. The library has become a space where kids from all grades and backgrounds are able to come together, forging a stronger, safer school community.

Milo’s position in the school ensures that all students have access to these helpful resources. 

“Though Milo’s main role is in the library, he will sometimes visit the middle and high schools as well,” says Lindsay. “When I’m called to a classroom for a tech-related reason, Milo will come with. . . sometimes I’ll even get a call from a teacher, asking if I can bring him by to help a specific student.”

Although one might think these types of classroom visits would be distracting, they really aren’t. 

“The whole class will smile when they see him, but it is never really disruptive,” Lindsay says. “He just offers this calmness and bright spot in the students’ days, and they continue class with renewed energy.”

Benefits for All

The dogs aren’t only benefiting the students, either. Manon smiles as she recalls one of her favorite stories.

“Teaching. . . education is not an easy profession,” she says. “We have had some of the coolest interactions with staff. One of the lunch ladies calls herself Marshall’s grandma, and we’ve built this whole relationship and connection point that wouldn’t have existed without him.”

Manon and Lindsay are hopeful that the groundwork they laid down in these first years of the therapy dog program will be built upon to serve as many people as possible. The two seasoned educators are always searching for new, effective ways to support students and boost learning, and both agree it would be great to see another dog join the program in the future – one that could be more involved in the high school. 

“For the High School kids it is almost more important. . . they tend to be more closed off with adults and the dogs have really helped with that,” says Manon, whose role in the Postville school district will look much different starting with the 2023-24 academic year.

Despite Marshall’s tolerant look, he loves cheering on the Pirates! / Photo courtesy Manon Bushman

“I am shifting out of education and into the mental health field,” she says. Marshall and Manon will return to Postville one day per week, this time as private mental health providers. In this new position, Manon and Marshall will be able to offer more specialized and long term care, both to students and other clients. 

“There needs to be more of these services in place beyond the scope of school counselors, who are trained to manage behaviors short term. Mental health providers are trained to work on long term healing and coping skills,” Manon explains. “Those outside supports in school make success more likely.” 

Although it is difficult to quantify a measure of overall well-being, it is clear that Marshall and Milo have been a huge force for building community and making school a safer, more welcoming space for the students. Both Manon and Lindsay have heard repeatedly from students that the thought of seeing one of the dogs made them excited to come to school on days that they otherwise might not have.

“The dogs can communicate with and comfort the kids in such a special way,” says Lindsay. “Their connection transcends what we, as teachers, are able to do with our words and conversations. Sometimes we just don’t know what else to do.”

Clara Wodny

Clara Wodny is a junior at Luther College, studying English and Visual Communications. When not writing or studying, she is likely teaching swim lessons, baking, or making pottery at ArtHaus in Decorah. 

Vonnie Linnevold

Vonnie Linnevold was interviewed by her daughter, Becky Shaw

My mother, Vonnie Linnevold, is a thoughtful and generous 98-year-old with an amazing memory. She was born and raised in Florida, and survived the hurricane of 1928 when her family home was totally destroyed. Like many who were young adults during WWII, her life trajectory was dramatically altered by the War. She became a wife, mother of three children, and provided constant support for my father’s career, her family, and for the community and the church. Her many batches of Norwegian meatballs and glazed carrots for Nordic Fest and church dinners are memories for us all. She supported the Decorah Community Concert Association (which Dad chaired for years) by hosting performers in our home and other homes. She delights in describing the evenings with Harry Belafonte, Fred Waring, and other notable performers who were beneficiaries of the hospitality of local couples for post-concert meals and conversation. Her life is a story of honesty, integrity, and just “being there” for her family.   

What’s the best advice anyone ever gave you? 

My mother was the one who taught me to always treat others the way you would want to be treated. She reinforced that by living that advice in her own life. I was an only child who missed having sisters and brothers, but I always enjoyed my parents’ company.

What did you want to be when you grew up? 

I don’t really recall aspiring to have any particular career, but I think my mother had hopes that I would be a singer. I started voice lessons at about five years old and did performances at church very soon after that. My teacher created opportunities for me to perform in the community. My mother was a wonderful seamstress, in addition to being a very good cook, and made lovely dresses for many of the performances. She also taught me to sew, and I later made many of my daughter Becky’s clothes. After high school I attended Stetson College, participating in music there. I recall having a significant singing part in “Hansel and Gretel.” After college, I continued performing, sometimes for USO events during WWII in the Palm Beach area. One evening I was invited to a dance for officers in the Marines where I met my future husband, Willard Linnevold. I wasn’t scheduled to perform that evening, but I sang along with the band as we were dancing. I think he decided he liked my voice!

What do/did you do? Willard proposed and we were married in September of 1944. We were married for the next 71 years, until his death in 2015. After we moved to his hometown of Decorah, and had three children, I found many opportunities to use my vocal training over the years.  There were weddings, funerals, choirs, and even a women’s trio that sang mostly Norwegian folk songs. I am not Norwegian, but I managed to learn!

If you could eat anything every day for the rest of your life, what would it be? Probably Raisin Bran and cantaloupe

Name one thing you could not live without: My family

Tell us about your wedding 

Our wedding was unusual for several reasons. WWII was still raging; couples didn’t know what lay ahead. Willard (Bill) had used up most of his leave time from his active duty in the Marines while getting to know me and my family in West Palm Beach, Florida. We also made a trip to introduce me to his family in rural Decorah. We didn’t have much time left for a wedding after all that travel, which meant we were married on the Marine base rather than in my home town. My mother made my wedding dress in two weeks. It had satin covered buttons down the back, and it was time consuming to make. Bill planned the wedding in my absence, due to time constraints. My maid-of-honor, my cousin, my mother, dad, and I made the trip on the train from my hometown, West Palm Beach, to New Bern, North Carolina, where we were married in a Baptist church on September 23, 1944. We had music, and the pastor’s wife generously hosted the wedding reception in their home. Most of the guests were Marines and service couples who didn’t know me. My only family in attendance were my maid-of-honor and my parents. Bill’s family could not attend because the travel was too challenging from Decorah. The next day Bill went back to work on the base, and I started out on foot to search for an apartment to replace our one-room place.

How would you describe yourself in one sentence? I am generally quiet but sociable, and happily adjusted to life in a community with strong Norwegian heritage, without having an ounce of Norwegian in me!

Sum of Your Business: La Rana Bistro

Lovers of La Rana Bistro can breathe easy: the legacy of local food at this gem of a restaurant in Decorah, Iowa, will continue for many years to come. Founding owners, Joanie Sheahan and Mark Smeby, have officially passed the torch, selling the business to Joanie’s daughter, Carina Cavagnaro, as of summer 2023.

Mark and Joanie, partners in business and married in life, were pioneers of the Decorah farm-to-table food scene when they first started La Rana in September of 2002. And like any pioneer – and any business owner – there was a lot of risk involved in launching a brand-new venture.

“When we went into this, we dumped in everything we had,” Mark says. “We knew it could be successful and great and we also knew we could lose everything – it came pretty close sometimes, but here we are. There’s a lot I don’t know how we pulled off.” 

Entrees lined up for serving./ Photo courtesy La Rana Bistro

Now, more than 20 years later, the reputation is fully established – if you dine at La Rana, you’re going to get amazing food – like a tartine with local beets and microgreens, or duck confit with goat cheese polenta – prepared with local produce always in mind. Drinks are crafted with fresh-squeezed juice and high-quality ingredients – like Luxardo cherries muddled in the tasty Old Fashioneds, or mojitos made with local mint and fresh limeade. And definitely save room for the delicious scratch-made desserts. 

Plus, the whole vibe of the restaurant is cozy, charming, and cool.

“The space fosters love and camaraderie among people; it’s special, it’s full of stories and memories, it’s had an impact,” Joanie says. “We didn’t want to open a big place – we wanted something small and intimate.” 

Indeed, the restaurant’s intimate setting – there’s room for just 34 diners, including the bar – is the perfect place to get to know the community. At the bar, handmade by Mark himself, you never know who you’ll get to chat with in the next seat over. And on the menu, you might find your future CSA supplier. A meal at La Rana fosters connection.

The La Rana bar is a great spot to enjoy a meal. / Photo courtesy La Rana Bistro

“People said you can’t open up a place that small, you can’t make any money,” Mark says. “But we made it work.”

“Restaurants fail all the time,” Joanie continues. “Steadfastness and perseverance got us here. We’re really proud of what we built.”

Many years of restaurant experience surely helped them along the way. Joanie worked in restaurants since she was a teenager, paying her way through school and life, and Mark was the breakfast cook for years at Decorah’s iconic (now defunct) Cafe Deluxe.

Carina’s first job was busing tables at age 14. She would work weekend nights with Joanie at Old Village Hall in Lanesboro, Minnesota. When the Hotel Winneshiek opened in Decorah, Carina worked there for her three remaining high school years, serving, and saving money for an international travel gap year. And restaurant gigs – serving/bartending/managing – took her across the U.S. – from Iowa City to the San Fransisco Bay area to Colorado. She was also the chef/co-owner of Decorah’s former Dug Road Inn for a year and a half, and the chef/co-owner of whisk&spoon, a pastry pop-up, for five years. Now, she’s rooted in La Rana. 

Keeping ownership in the family is a dream come true for all involved. 

“I have no words to describe how deeply grateful I am for the opportunity to work with my family, to build this dream with and for them,” Carina says. “I’m also beyond thankful for the encouragement of this community – we love feeding anyone who walks through our doors, but a shout out to our regulars for your constant support and familiar presence. To our diners, our producers, our staff, our friends, our family – I couldn’t have done this without you.”

Names: Mark Smeby, Joanie Sheahan, Carina Cavagnaro
Business: La Rana Bistro
Year established: 2002
Address: 120 Washington St, Decorah, Iowa
Online: laranadecorah.comfacebook.com/laranabistro • instagram.com/laranabistro

Mark & Joanie

1. Tell us about the “leap” moment. When/how did you decide to jump in and become your own boss?

Mark: It was never about being our own bosses; it was about the dream of opening a restaurant in this town. I wanted to open a restaurant 40 years ago, but I was starting a family. Twenty years later, that calling was still there, and so was the need in this town for more good restaurants.

Joanie: It was also inspired by when we met. We put our restaurant experience and ideas together, and we wanted to start our own thing. The experience of working in restaurants isn’t easy; it sort of drives you to want to open your own, on your own terms.

Joanie Sheahan and Mark Smeby when they first opened La Rana Bistro in 2002
Joanie & Mark in the summer of 2023. / Photos courtesy La Rana Bistro

2. What was the best thing about being your own boss?

M: You can work as much and as hard as you want to, on your own schedule. You don’t have to answer to anyone, you can make your own decisions.

J: Being able to make our own calls, to take creative liberties, to try new things. It was a lot of trial and error. We tried everything; we didn’t have a clear vision. The original concept for the place was a tapas bistro – we served small, shared plates. People at the time didn’t quite understand the concept. We had to adapt to the public. But it was our place, we could adjust to a more approachable style. 

3. Was there ever a hurdle where you just thought, “I can’t do this?” How did you overcome it?

M: Early on, six months in, I made a very expensive administrative mistake. I didn’t think we were going to be able to come back from that. 

J: Money was always an issue those first few years.

M: I thought then that that was it, but I woke up the next day, changed my perspective, and came up with a plan. We figured it out, we didn’t give up. 

4. What’s one thing you wish you’d known before you started?

M: The sometimes unpleasant side of dealing with financial institutions. Small businesses are preyed upon by credit companies and scams all the time, it’s unfortunate.

J: Accounting and bookkeeping – neither of us really knew what we were doing at first, we just sort of hoped one of us would figure it out. It was a steep learning curve. 

5. How does it feel to be handing the torch to the next generation?

J: Fantastic. We couldn’t have handed it over to anyone else.

M: People have tried to buy it for years and we’ve always said no. If it weren’t for Carina taking over, it probably would have been the end of the line for the place. 

J: It feels very rewarding to have my daughter Carina want to take this business forward with fresh ideas and perspective. She was 17 when we opened and worked with us on and off through the years. And after all, she’s the one who came up with the name La Rana.

Carina 

Carina Cavagnaro / Photo courtesy La Rana

6. Have you known since you came back to Decorah and La Rana that you would like to eventually continue the La Rana legacy?

I’ve known that I wanted to continue the La Rana legacy since Mark and Joanie first opened the bistro doors over 20 years ago. When I moved back to Decorah in 2018 and took on the Head Chef role, that dream started to become a reality for all of us, and we began working toward the eventual transition. Part of me still can’t believe it’s finally happened, and at the same time I’ve had my heart set on this goal for most of my adult life. 

7. What’s at the top of your mind now that the papers are signed, you’ve purchased the business, and are officially the La Rana Bistro boss?

I look forward first and foremost to celebrating and maintaining the restaurant’s quality and reputation that have been cultivated with so much hard work and care over the years. I’m standing on the shoulders of giants, and now I finally get to take the reins, to put my mark on the business and bring it into the next decades with my own passion and vision.

8. What are you most excited about?

We already have excellent relationships with our local farmers and growers, and I’m eager to continue to build on those and to find ways to collaborate even more closely. I’m also honored and thrilled to be able to empower my staff (both seasoned and new) through dedicated leadership, as well as to mentor new generations of culinary professionals. 

9. Thoughts on the life/work balance? Do you think it exists?

Burnout in this industry is high, and I’m hyper conscious of that fact as I move into this role. A top priority for me is finding that work/life balance – for myself so that I can be a more effective leader and business owner, and for my staff so they have every opportunity to succeed and flourish. I also believe in the importance of delegation, so that I can have time to cultivate my own interests and hobbies outside of work – tending my garden, traveling, staying active, etc. I’m very lucky to have a staff that’s so trustworthy, competent, and reliable. 

Both the lunch and dinner menus include amazing salads like this one. / Photo courtesy La Rana

10. What’s inspiring you right now? 

The sheer abundance of unbelievable local vegetables available in our area. Everyone just constantly marvels at the fresh salad greens, the lushness of these lettuce mixes and tomatoes. We get three or four deliveries a week of this stunning, just-picked produce of all kinds, and it’s so rewarding to have the opportunity to put that harvest bounty on the plate.